PRODUCT (g) 1
----------- x -------- = Product (Moles)
1 Molecular
Weight(g/mole)
Regarding Dipoles:
I think it is a misnomer to say 'permanant dipole'. A molecule has a set
net dipole for its structure, and the only way to change it (make an
impermanant dipole) is to change the structure. To change the structure
is to change the molecule, giving it a different dipole (since it is a
different molecule). What I think was probably ment by the permanant
dipole referance was an extra-strong dipole-dipole bond, making a
seemingly permanant dipole bond. Jolene was right regarding the effect
of dipole bonds. The stronger they are, the more they 'stick' to each
other, and thus are harder to pull apart. These stronger dipole bonds
give the molecules the properties of having much higher boiling points,
increased surface tension, and incresed viscosity.
22nd's question regarding free spinning molecule segments:
The question posed was wondering whether a free spinning bond could
increase its momentum enough to spin or break apart. My thoughts on the
matter first deal with momentum. In the bonds that are balanced (the
branches off of the central atom [i.e. the H's in a -C-H3] are the same
mass) the spinning would have no effect on balence of the molecule, so it
wouldn't get all topsy turvey. Kind of like spinning a basket ball on
your finger. It stays there because the mass is evenly distributed (plus
a bit of gyroscopic action) but if you were to attach a lead weight to
one side it would go all apesh*t and fall. If it were unbalanced (i.e. a
-C-H2Cl) it gets more complicated, but it nets the same result. First
one would have to remember (and imagine) that the molecule is in free
space. It can spin around all over the place with no restrictions
(barring bumping into to other molecules, but we'll get to that). To
contrast this, imagine a teather ball: the post (one half of the
molecule) is attached to a string (the rotational bond) which is
attatched to the teather ball ( the other half of the molecule). Now
imagine that the teather ball is a heavy bowling ball ( to simulate the
lopsided effect of the unbalanced molecule half). If that bowling ball
was spinning around the post hella fast, imagine the jerking around the
post and the string are taking. It is VERY likely the string (the bond
would break). However, in a free space environment tha a molecule has,
the 'post end' is not anchored at all. Thus the 'post end' of the
molecule can bounce around too to relieve the pressure on the bond. If
the whole teather ball set up was in outer space, and you sent the ball
whirling around, the post would flex and whirl too in opposite, or
compensating motions. When other molecules hit it though, things do get
all whacked up. Like it or not, if you hit a teather ball with a mack
truck doing 70, you're going to break it, in space or not. So if a
molecule hits another with enough energy (like a mack truck doing
seventy), at least one of the molecules is going to break, probably
resulting in a reaction. *This bit on this question could be entirely
wrong, but I thought about it, and it works for me*